Process of making a beaded edge shingle



Sept. 22, 1936. E s. YUN|K 2,054,917 A PROCESS 0F MAKING A BEADED EDGE SHINGLE Filed April 26, 1955 Eg@ f f j /f @mgm \\\A \\\\\\A m w @i /9 /Zl2 9` l y DI/.72H7 ADQ/,mm y@ t M mmm Patented Sept. 22, 1936 PATENT OFFICE PROCESS F MAKING A BEADED EDGE SHINGLE Edward s. Yunik, chicago, n1., assigner to The Barrett Company, New York, N. Y., a corpora.-l

tion of Newr Jersey Application April 26, 1933, Serial No. 668,009

` Claims.

This invention relates to roofing and more par-V ticularlt7 to composition shingle elements.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide an individual'shingle or a strip shingle of I5` enhanced architectural value having raised edges along the exposed portion of materially greater density than the remainder of the shingle so 4that the exposed edges are eiiiciently sealed against weathering. This invention comprehends a `l0 ready and efhcient procedure vfor making such shingles as well as the shingles themselves.

It has heretofore beenfcommon practice to manufacturel'prepared roofing by saturating a suitable fabric, such as-roong felt, with a liquid l5 bituminous material, e. g.v asphalt, coating both sides of the saturated fabric with a bituminous material, surfacing lthe bituminous coating on one side with mineral grit such as crushed slate, and applying mica, soapstone, or other anti-stick ma- 90V terial to the other side. This prepared roofing was then cut into individual shingles'or into strip shingles having tabs along one longitudinal edge thereof'which, when laid, simulated a plurality of Vindividual shingles.

posed edges have a tendency to warp and curl due to the action' of the wind, sun, and rain. Moreover,the bituminous saturant and coating have a tendency to bleed from the fabric at the cut 30, edges, especially during Warm weather. Another disadvantage of such shingles is that they impart aA rather' monotonous, flat, and unpleasant apV` pearance to the roof or other surface to which they may be appliedQ` TheV4 shingle of this'invention overcomes the above mentioned disadvantages. In accordance with this invention mineral-surfaced; asphaltcoated felt'base or other composition shingles are provded'along the exposed edges with a bead or 40 raised reinforcing rib of materially greater density thanthe remainderof the element. This bead reinforces the edges of the shingle, preventsthe exposed portion of theV shinglenfrom warping or curling, and prevents bleeding of saturant or 45 coating.-

For a better reference should be made to the accompanying drawing wherein is shown by way of illustration the preferred method of making the rooting of 50 this invention,

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a composition shingle having the two lower corners removed i. e. the first step in making the preferred form of shingle 55 embodying this invention;

Onedisadvantage of such shingles is the ex-v understanding of the invention` (Cl. 18-7-56) l edges of the shingle turned up;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section showing the compressing of thev upturned edges to form the bead of materially greater density than the density of the body of the shingle; Y

Fig. l is a fragmentary section on an enlarged scale, throughrthe bead;

Fig.. 8 is a perspective View of va finished individual shingle; .and

Fig. 9 is a plan view of a`beaded-edge strip shingle. i j

In making the individual beaded-edgeshingles of this invention, the corners at the opposite ends of forward edge 2 of a suitable individual felt base or other composition shingle 3 are first cut off or removed by any suitable means to produce a shingle as sho'Wnin Fig. 1. Any flexiblev composition shingle maybe employed as the starting element although a mineral-surfaced bitumen-coated and saturated felt shingle is preferred. Removal of the corners of the shingle permits the production of an element having well defined ribs or beads of substantially uniform thickness and density along its forwardand side edges Without any protuberances being formed at the corners. f

The edges of the shingle defining that portion of the element adapted to be exposed to the Weather, namely, the lower edge 2 and the lower portion of side'edges 4 and 5, are then turned or folded away from the exposed or surfaced side `I of the shingle forming turned-up edges 9 as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. Although other methods may be used for folding the edges, applicant has found that the' method shown in Figs. 4 and 5 and described below is very satisfactory. 4.5

The shingle is rst placed with the side l containing granular material II, such as crushed slate or stone, partially embedded therein, lowermost on a forming die I3 in such a manner that the edges to be beaded are lying on top of angle- 50 iron frame I5 supported by a suitable base I6. To produce the shingle of Fig. 8, the angle-iron frame I5 is made substantially U-shaped conforming to the shape of the raised edges 9 along the sides and forward edge of the shingle. The 55 base of die I3 contiguous to the angle-iron frame is formed with a channel I8 and a raised bed 20. The channel in the die shown on the drawing is of uniform height resulting in a bead of uniform height. If a tapered bead or bead of irregular shape is desired, the channel may be shaped accordingly.

The forming die member or plate 22 (Fig. 5) is contacted with and pressed against shingle 3 resting on the angle-iron frame I 5, thereby forc- ,y

Plate 22 is substantially the same width as theraised bed ZO-ofj the die base so that as the shingle body is forcedv L ing it downward into the die.

downward into the die the edges of the shingle will be turned or bent backward from the plane of the horizontally-extending shingle body into the space between the plate 22 and the angle-iron frame I5. into this space and forced downward against the vertically upturned edges of the shingle by means of piston 26. The pressure of theY downwardly moving die piece 24 against the upturned flexible edges causes them to be compressed and forced into channel I8 thereby forming a bead or raised edge 28 of materially greater densityv than that of the remainder of the shingle. As shown in Fig. 7, top surface 4I andr both sides 43 and 44 of the bead are covered with granular surfacing material I I', thereby effectively sealing the edges. After piston 26 and die piece 24 are removed, the finished shingle, shown in Figs. 3 .and 8, can be removed from the die and is ready for use;

lin` making the beaded edge strip shingle 30 shown in Fig. 9 having a pluralityA of rectangular tabs 32extending 'from the body Vportion 34, the side edges 36 and 31 and the forward edge 39 of the tabs'are turned up and compressed in the manner herein above discussed. Thus there results a strip shingle the forward and side edges of the tabs of which are formed with a continuous bead 28 of materially greater density than the body of the shingle.

It will be noted that the compression of the upturned edges of the shingle, in accordance with my invention, results in a bead or rib of uniformV density having granular material on Vall the exposed surfaces and accomplishes this without requiring the application of any additional granular material to the shingle. Due to this granular covering and the fact that the exposed edges are compressed and are of materially greater density than the body of the shingle, no saturant or coating will bleed from the shingle even under the severest heat conditions experienced in midsummer. Besides the mechanical and structural advantages outlined above, the beaded edge shingles of this invention have increased architectural value in that they impart an especially pleasing appearance to a roof or other surface on which they are laid. This is due primarily to the deep shadow' line caused by the bead 'or raised rib on the exposed edges of the shingles.

The beads, it will be noted from Fig. 7, are rectangular in cross-section and hence cast a deep shadow line` Y A U-shaped die piece 24 is then fitted" Y forcing rib.

Since certain changes in the product and the method of forming the product may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above descriptionV or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

l. The process of forming a beaded-edge cornposition shingle which comprises turning a por- 'tion of the shingle adjacent the lower exposed edge thereof so that said turned portion lies in a different plane from the body portion of the shingle and compressing the edge of the turned portion to form a reinforcing ribY of greater density than the body portion of said shingle.

2. A process of forming a beaded and sealed edge composition shingle which comprises turning a portion of the shingleadjacent the lower edge thereof downwardly away from the upper surface of the shingle so that the turned portion lies in a plane different from the plane of the body portion of the shingle and applying a force against the edge of said turned portion to compress said turned portion.

3. The process of forming a composition shingle having a reinforcing rib along an edge thereof which comprises placing the shingle on a die and turning a portion of said shingle adjacent an v'edge thereof so that it extends in a plane'substantiallyY perpendicular to the planeV ofthe body portion of the shingle and applying a compressing force to the edge of said turned portion in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the body portion of said shingle to form said rein- 4. The'process of forming a shingle having a reinforcing rib along the exposed edges thereof from a sheet of felt base material impregnated with bitumen which comprises cutting away the corners of said sheet intended to be exposed, bending portions of said sheet adjacent the edges thereof to be exposed so that said bent portions extend downwardly from the surface of the'sheet to be exposed in planes other than the plane of the body portion of the sheet and applying pressure to the edges cf said turned portions in a direction substantially parallel to their planes to compress said portions and form a reinforcing rib of greater' density than said body portion.

5. The process of forming a composition shingle having a raised reinforcing rib along the weather 'edge thereof, which rib lends a thick butt appearance tothe shingle, comprising bending a portion of said shingle adjacent said weather edge in a direction away from the surface of said shingle to be exposed so that said bent portion extends at an angle to the plane of the body portion of the shingle, applying pressure to the edge of said bent portion and to the surface of said shingle to be exposed to compress said bent portion so that it forms a raised reinforcing rib of greater density and thickness than the density and thickness of said body portion.

' EDWARD S. Y'UNIK. 

